3 questions about cash and credit management

a) Why do companies need to hold sufficient cash? Why would cash be considered king and how is this reflected in the balance sheet in terms of liquidity and solvency ? 

b) You are a Treasury Manager for a multi-national corporation. What options would be available for you to borrow money in the short-term? 

c) How and why do the Income Statement and Balance Sheet complement each other in terms of performance and wealth? 

Formalities:

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The in-text References and the Bibliography have to be in Harvards citation style.