74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and smoking, is having dinner with his wife when he develops sudden onset of difficulty speaking, with drooling from the left side of his mouth, and wea

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74-year-old male with a history of hypertension and smoking, is having dinner with his wife when he develops sudden onset of difficulty speaking, with drooling from the left side of his mouth, and weakness in his left hand. His wife asks him if he is all right and the patient denies any difficulty. His symptoms progress over the next 10 minutes until he cannot lift his arm and has trouble standing. The patient continues to deny any problems. The wife sits the man in a chair and calls 911. The EMS squad arrives within 5 minutes. Upon arrival in the ED, patient‘s blood pressure was 178/94, pulse 78 and regular, PaO2 97% on room air. Neuro exam – Cranial nerves- Mild left facial droop. Motor- Right arm and leg extremity with 5/5 strength. Left arm cannot resist gravity, left leg with mild drift. Sensation intact. Neglect- Mild neglect to left side of body. Language- Expressive and receptive language intact.

Mild to moderate dysarthria. Able to protect airway.

Please do a 1 to 2-page case study analysis. In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following:

•           Both the neurological and musculoskeletal pathophysiologic processes that would account for the patient presenting these symptoms.

•           Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning.

•           How these processes interact to affect the patient.  

resources

  • McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: the biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.
    • Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
    • Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review
    • Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review
    • Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors of the central nervous system); Summary Review
    • Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
    • Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at Disorders of joints); Summary Review
    • Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument (section on Lyme Disease)
  • Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuriesLinks to an external site.. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4