Quick Quiz (1) 1) A/An ________ is an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena. A) theory B) hypothesis C) operational definition D) experiment 2) An ideal scientist should: A) not express skepticism of new ideas. B) rely on scientific intuition. C) not support falsifiable theories. D) be willing to make “risky predictions.” 3) An advantage of correlation is that: A) it shows whether two or more variables are related. B) firm conclusions about cause and effect can be drawn. C) it is often useful in the first stages of a research program. D) it provides a large amount of information on large numbers of people. 4) Which of the following methods would be most appropriate to study the effects of alcohol consumption on problem solving ability? A) correlation B) experiments C) case study D) naturalistic observation 5) The variable manipulated by the researcher in an experiment is the: A) control variable. B) independent variable. C) dependent variable. D) experimental variable. 6) The purpose of a double-blind study is: A) to eliminate experimenter effects. B) to increase experimental effects. C) to test the effects of a placebo. D) to determine the visual ability of newborn infants. 7) An advantage of naturalistic observation is that: A) it shows whether two or more variables are related. B) firm conclusions about cause and effect can be drawn. C) it is often useful in the first stages of a research program. D) it provides a large amount of information on large numbers of people. 8) Descriptive statistics: A) organize and summarize research data. B) allow determination of statistical significance. C) allow researchers to draw inferences about their results. D) show how likely it is that a study’s results occurred merely by chance. 9) Meta-analysis is used to: A) determine statistical significance. B) combine results from several studies. C) determine the probability of chance affecting the results. D) maintain ethical standards in research. 10) CPA ethical standards require researchers to: A) avoid double-blind studies. B) avoid the use of deception. C) limit the use of volunteers as subjects. D) obtain informed consent from subjects.
