Week 2: Theories and Response Models
This has been such a tragedy; I dont even know where to begin to help this survivor!
As a helping professional, you may have thoughts similar to these as you begin to work with survivors of critical incidents. How do you determine what to do? What informs your choices? Theories and response models are a place to begin. Thus, the focus of this week is to analyze response models and apply theories of cognitive, social, and emotional responses to critical incidents so that you have a theoretical and practical starting point from which to help survivors.
Learning Objectives
Students will:
- Analyze the value of theories and response models related to crisis, trauma, and disaster
- Apply theories related to crisis, trauma, and disaster
Learning Resources
Required Readings
James, R. K., & Gilliland, B. E. (2017). Crisis intervention strategies (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Chapter 1, Approaching Crisis InterventionTheories of Crisis and Crisis Intervention (pp. 14-19)
Crisis Intervention Models (pp. 19-23)
Eclectic Crisis Intervention Theory (pp. 22-23)
Required Media
Watch Moving into Treatment” segment by clicking the applicable link under the chapters tab.
Discussion: Applying Crisis Intervention Strategies
Understanding crisis and crisis intervention theory is vital to skill acquisition for responders and increases their ability to provide effective responses to survivors. There are three levels of crisis intervention theories. The first and most basic level focuses on correcting temporary affective, behavioral, and cognitive distortions caused by critical incidents. The second, or expanded level, addresses the same components as basic crisis theory and also includes the social, environmental, and situational factors that foster a critical incident. The third, or applied, level encompasses four domains: developmental, situational, existential, and ecosystemic (James & Gilliland, 2013). An understanding of these theories allows you as a practitioner to apply the most appropriate theory when working with a survivor of a critical incident. When choosing a theory, it is important to understand that you do not have to be a purist (i.e., adopt only one theory). In fact, many professionals believe it is important to have a working knowledge of many theories so as to adapt to the needs of the client by pulling from several theories when appropriate.
For this Discussion, select one critical incident from the news that is of interest to you (this critical incident may be from the past or present). Select one theory to apply to this critical incident.
By Day 5
Post a brief description of the critical incident and the theory you selected. Then, explain how you might apply the theory to the individual(s) affected by the critical incident.
Be sure to support your postings and responses with specific references to the resources.
