In the Milgram study and several similar studies _____ percent of the participants went all the way up to the 450-volt shock level. 86 26 10 65 2) Research on conformity suggests that if a _____ response is required ______ show more conformity than ______. private; men; women private; women; men public; women; men public; men; women 3) A person demanding _______ has power or authority to command a behavioral change rather than just ask for a change. a favor conformity obedience compliance 4) The war in Iraq the design of the ship Titanic and the Challenger disaster are all given in the textbook as examples of: persuasion. groupthink. observational learning. obedience. 5) In Solomon Asch’s study confederates were instructed to: openly refuse to participate in the experiment. give the correct answer to the line-matching task. challenge the experimenter. give the incorrect answer to the line-matching task. 6) Scapegoats are: often the groups who have been around the longest. the member of the group with the most power. typically members of the in-group. typically members of the out-group. 7) The effect that people’s awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group has on their behavior is: social comparison. social identity. self-fulfilling prophecy. stereotype vulnerability. 8) Strategies for overcoming prejudice include: education and competition. intergroup and equal status contact. having groups participate against each other in competitive situations. minimizing intergroup contact. 9) _____ is the attitude about members of a particular social group and _____ is the behavior that can result from that attitude. Aggression; discrimination Discrimination; aggression Prejudice; discrimination Discrimination; prejudice 10) The formation of in-groups and out-groups: is inborn. begins in adolescence. often happens in college. begins in childhood. 11) A person tries to change the belief opinion or course of action of another person through: direct contact. observational learning. persuasion. aggression. 12) Which of the following statements best describes attitudes? Attitudes are something people have when they are born. Attitudes are learned through experiences as we live and work with others. Attitudes consist only of feelings. Attitudes consist only of thoughts. 13) People can reduce cognitive dissonance by: forming new cognitions to justify their behavior. consulting with a therapist. ignoring it until it eventually goes away. changing their peers in order to find people with similar beliefs. 14) According to Sternberg love consists of intimacy passion and ______________. physical attraction commitment romance trust 15) Some research suggests that ______ is one of the main factors that influence people’s choices for selecting people they want to know better. reciprocity physical attractiveness earning power high moral standards 16) Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love says that companionate love consists of: passion only. romance only. intimacy and passion. intimacy and commitment. 17) Karen intentionally tries to hurt Lisa by spreading rumors about her. Karen is engaging in: reciprocity. prejudice. aggression. discrimination. 18) Justin walks into the morning meeting 15 minutes late. His boss Marco assumes that traffic was bad this morning. Marco is using an example of: the fundamental attribution error. inherent attribution. dispositional cause. situational cause. 19) Shawn and Tanya start talking after they’ve ridden on the dorm elevator several times together. This is an example of which rule of attraction? attractiveness similarity proximity reciprocity 20) Jim jumped into the ocean to save a drowning man risking his own life in the process. He did so without any expectation of reward or getting anything in return for his actions. This is an example of: altruism. diffusion of responsibility. a social role. the bystander effect. 21) Cindy tastes peas for the first time and realizes she does not like them. Cindy formed her attitude about peas through the process of: direct instruction. vicarious conditioning. persuasion. direct contact. 22) If your roommate asks you for a ride to campus and you agree and then the next day asks if he can borrow your car this is an example of the: that’s-not-all technique. door-in-the-face technique. foot-in-the-door technique. lowball technique. 23) The fact that Kitty Genovese did not receive help was most likely due to _____. the indifference and apathy of witnesses the fact that it was dark outside the fear of witnesses for their own lives the perceived presence of multiple witnesses 24) _______ occurs when a person fails to take responsibility for action or inaction because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility. The bystander effect Altruism The onlooker effect Diffusion of responsibility 25) The sadistic behavior of the “guards” in Philip Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Study: has only been seen in experiments. highlighted the influence that a social role can have on ordinary people. was all an act. can be explained primarily by the guards’ personality abnormalities.
