37. In the experiment conducted by Kohler the actions of attempting to jump for the fruit giving it up seizing a box dragging it under the object mounting it and then taking down the fruit are all fueled by: A. insight. B. chance. C. impetus. D. observation. 38. Some of the training programs designed starting after World War II were designed to strengthen the relationship between cognitive cues and worker expectations. The worker expectations consisted of: A. supervisory procedures. B. job procedural procedures. C. organizational procedures. D. incentive payment mode. 39. Which of the following is a capability identified under the social cognitive theory that people use to initiate regulate and sustain their behavior? A. Exclusion B. Hindsight C. Theoretical learning D. Self-regulation 40. Which of the following observations about self-efficacy is true? A. The input into efficacy is recognized to be subordination experiences hypothetical learning and self- persuasion. B. A stream of research studies meta-analyzed has found a weak relationship between self-efficacy and work-related performance. C. Those with high self-efficacy have the tendency to remain calm in a stressful situation. D. Just like predisposed personality traits efficacy is a state that cannot be trained or developed. 42. This has been defined as “of several responses made to the same situation those which are accompanied or closely followed by satisfaction [reinforcement] . . . will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort [punishment] . . . will be less likely to occur.” A. Law of chances B. Law of performance C. Law of effect D. Law of sufficiency 43. One law states that if the behavior is followed by no consequence (neither a positive nor a negative contingent consequence) the behavior will extinguish over time. Identify the law. A. Extinction principle or law B. Receding principle or law C. Law of precedence D. Law of withdrawal 44. A conclusion from one extensive study on the impact of rewards found all of the following except: A. the detrimental effects of rewards occur under highly restricted easily avoidable conditions. B mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning are basic for understanding incremental and . detrimental effects of reward on task motivation. C. positive effects of rewards on performance are easily attainable using procedures derived from behavioral theory. D.positive effects of rewards on performance are easily attainable using procedures derived from social cognitive theory. 45. Lawler concluded that _____ not the underlying theory of reinforcement or the supporting basic research limit the effectiveness of pay for performance. A. finance problems B. dispensing mechanisms problems C. process/design problems D. inequity problems 46. This in behavioral management is defined as anything that both increases the strength and tends to induce repetitions of the behavior that preceded the reinforcement. A. Self-efficacy B. Encouragement C. Reinforcement D. Reward 47. Negative reinforcement _____ and _____ behavior by the threat of the use of an undesirable consequence or the termination or withdrawal of an undesirable consequence. A. strengthens; increases B. neutralizes; stops C. weakens; decreases D. subjugates; prevents
