1. Which of the following is NOT a real option?a. The option to buy shares of stock if its price goes up.b. The option to expand into a new geographic region.c. The option to abandon a project.d. The option to switch the type of fuel used in an industrial furnace.e. The option to expand production if the product is successful.2. Which of the following will NOT increase the value of a real option?a. An increase in the volatility of the underlying source of risk.b. An increase in the risk-free rate.c. An increase in the cost of obtaining the real option.d. A decrease in the probability that a competitor will enter the market of the project inquestion.e. Lengthening the time in which a real option must be exercised.3. Which of the following is most CORRECT?a. Real options change the risk but not the size of projects’ expected cash flows.b. Real options are likely to reduce the cost of capital that should be used to discount aproject’s expected cash flows.c. Very few projects actually have real options.d. Real options are less valuable when there is a lot of uncertainty about the true valuesfuture sales and costs.e. Real options change the size but not the risk of projects’ expected cash flows.4. Ashgate Enterprises uses the NPV method for selecting projects and it does a reasonably goodjob of estimating projects’ sales and costs. However it never considers real options that might beassociated with projects. Which of the following statements is most likely to describe its situation?a. Its estimated capital budget is probably too large due to its failure to considerabandonment and growth options.b. Failing to consider abandonment and flexibility options probably makes the optimalcapital budget too large but failing to consider growth and timing options probably makesthe optimal capital budget too small so it is unclear what impact not considering realoptions has on the overall capital budget.c. Failing to consider abandonment and flexibility options probably makes the optimalcapital budget too small but failing to consider growth and timing options probably makesthe optimal capital budget too large so it is unclear what impact not considering realoptions has on the overall capital budget.d. Real options should not have any effect on the size of the optimal capital budget.e. Its estimated capital budget is probably too small because projects’ NPVs are oftenlarger when real options are taken into account.5. Refer to Exhibit 26.1. Since the project is considered to be quite risky a 20% cost of capital isused. What is the project’s expected NPV in thousands of dollars?a. $336.15b. $373.50c. $415.00d. $461.11e. $507.22
