Please Reply To The Following 2 Discussion Posts:

by


Please Reply to the following 2 Discussion posts:

 

Requirement

 

APA format with intext citation

Word count minimum of 150 words per post

References at least one high-level scholarly reference per post within in the last 5 years.

Plagiarism free.

Turnitin receipt.

 

DISCUSSION POST Reply # 1Ashlesha

Viral pneumonia, unspecified (J12.9)

  • Pneumonia is the most significant infectious cause of death in children
    • Infectious agents like viruses, bacteria, and fungi can cause pneumonia. (WHO, 2022).
  • According to Cash et al. (2021), inflammation and consolidation of lung tissues are due to viral pathogens, such as RSV, Influenza, Parainfluenza, and Adenovirus, causing viral pneumonia.

RSV is the most common viral infection in young children.

  • Physical examinations and symptoms:
  • Vital signs and respiration rate for one full minute to assess tachypnea –( RR>60/Minute tachypnea).
  • Inspecting the overall appearance of the child, grunting and nasal flaring with breathing and crying
  • Check nail beds and lips for cyanosis
  • Spo2 <92% requires O2 – 2 Liters/minute
  • Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat examination
  • Fussiness and dehydration-skin turgor diminish and sunken fontanelle.
  • Auscultate Heart regular S1 and S2 but Lungs mild scattered wheezing
  • Percussing the chest for dull sound (Consolidation)
  • Palpating -Lymph nodes and sinuses for swelling and tenderness-
  • Laboratory test
  • CBC – WBC average value – 3.4 – 10.8  X10e3/ul. Elevated WBC and lymphocyte indicate viral infection. Platelet count lowered with a viral infection
  • C-reactive protein, usually 10 mg/L in the child but increases up to 20-28mg/L in viral pneumonia.
  • ESR averages 3 to 13 mm/hr and is mildly elevated in viral infections.
  • According to WHO (2022) guidelines, rapid viral nasal swabs for:
  • Influenza A and B immunoassay – Non-detected
  • Covid 19 PCR – Non-detected
  • RSV-Detected
  • Testing with one nasal swab, Non-detected means no virus is present, and detected means the virus has affected the person
  • (Freeman & Leigh, 2022; WHO, 2022)

Management

  • According to Cash et al. (2021), positive RSV, consult to a physician for Palivizumab (Synagis) immunoprophylaxis is expensive and limited for infants with a viral infection
  • Bronchodilators and antibiotics are not helpful in patients with RSV.
  • Most RSV infections go away on their own in a week or two.
  • Symptomatic treatment Tylenol syrup (160mg/5ml) – 2.5ml, 4-6 hours for fever as needed but no four doses in 24 hours.
  • Humidifier o2-2lit/minute if needed. (IF Spo2<92%)
  • Nasal saline three drops in each nostril while supine PRN to relives dryness of nasal mucosa.
  • Hospital-grade nasal suction bulb for aspirations
  • Good hand hygiene practice, reducing home environment pollution and parentral smoking and Respi isolations
  • Encourage with exclusive breastfeeding and adequate complementary feeding and nutrition and adequate hydration
  • Calm and Comfort environment for to get adequate Rest and sleep.
  • Make sure compliance with immunization according to CDC guideline (2023) of Hib, RV,Hep-B, DTaP,PCV,Cvid 19,and influenza to prevent Penumonia in children
  • Give a f/u call in 12-24 hours to check the Feeding and respiratory status of the child. Follow up in 1-2 weeks

 

 

 

DISCUSSION POST Reply # 2Charlotte

 

A 35-year-old female presents to the clinic after months of difficulty with excessive hair on the back and face, weight gain, in addition to struggling to getting pregnant.

Diagnostic: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a condition in which the ovaries are producing abnormal amount of male androgens or sex hormones that are usually present in women in small amounts. The name polycystic ovary syndrome describes the numerous small cysts (fluid-filled sacs) that form in the ovaries.

 

Diagnostics and Testing

  • Pelvic Exam
  • Blood test for hormone levels (FSH 3-9 mlU/ml, LH 2-10 mlU/ml, Estradiol 27-161 pg/ml)
  • Pelvic Ultrasound- indication for polycystic ovarian syndrome, making it more difficult to become pregnant.
  • Fasting cholesterol and triglyceride levels (<200 mg/dl LDL, >50mg/dl HDL)
  • Glucose Tolerance test (>100 mg/dl)